![]() This this magnified amount of DNA, it becomes easy to study the genetic code of organisms. The Taq polymerase enzyme, as it is nicknamed, allows us to produce an enormous amount DNA in a short time. This is good because PCR requires cycling the DNA into high and lower heats to replicate it faster. The polymerase enzyme produced by this organism is highly effective in replicating DNA, and can work in high temperatures. ![]() One of the newest genetic techniques, Polymerase Chain Reactions (PCR), is based on an enzyme produced by the Archaean organism, Thermus aquaticus. ![]() The Archaea show a high level of antibiotic resistance, and it is thought that they may have evolved in response to a simple antibiotic produced by organisms at the time of divergence. It is thought that organisms in the Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya branched off from each other in the early history of life on Earth. However, the archaea also exist in most “normal” habitats. For instance, many archaea live in the most extreme environments on the planet, from hydrothermal vents to lakes so salty that no other life can become established. The domain Archaea contains bacteria-like organisms that are unrelated to bacteria, and can perform a wide variety of functions. Other bacteria help us digest food, and some can make us sick. It is believed that soil bacteria can speed the effects of climate change, and that the bacteria in cow’s guts may be responsible for a large portion of the greenhouse gasses in the atmosphere. The DNA is replicated so that two rings exists, and the cell divides its contents in half, each getting one ring of DNA.Īlthough bacteria are some of the smallest organisms on Earth, the can produce a huge effect. Bacteria contain their DNA in a simple ring, and replicate it through a process known as binary fission. ![]() Organisms tend to separate their information molecules from the outside environment, where pH changes and unknown chemicals could do damage to the molecule. In the simplest case, an organism can be a bacteria, a DNA molecule containing genetic information wrapped in a protective plasma membrane. ![]()
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